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Everything About Kidney Stones

Everything About Kidney Stones

1. What are kidney stones?

Kidney stones are solid masses that form in the urinary tract. They can be as small as a grain of sand or as big as a golf ball. Kidney stones are usually made of calcium, oxalate, and other minerals found in urine.

2. Are they painful?

Yes! Most people describe their pain as a dull ache or pressure in their back or side; however, some people report sharp pain, which may lead to nausea or vomiting.

3. What are the symptoms of kidney stones?

Kidney stones are usually painless and remain in the kidney for a long time. The most common symptom is an intermittent sharp pain that can be felt in the flank or back, which does not disappear after urination or after walking. Pain may also radiate to one or both sides of the waist.

4. What causes kidney stones?

There are many possible causes of kidney stones, some of which are hereditary, but most cases are related to diet or lifestyle factors. For example, a high-protein diet may cause calcium oxalate stones, while excessive intake of purines (which occur naturally in meats) may cause uric acid stones.

5. Are kidney stones common?

Kidney stones occur when urine becomes too concentrated (hypercalciuria). This excess calcium can crystallize in the kidneys, forming hard masses called renal calculi. The risk of developing a kidney stone is increased by certain conditions or medications, but it does not happen to everyone who has these risk factors.

6. How are kidney stones diagnosed?

Kidney stones are typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests.

7. What are the complications of kidney stones?

Kidney stones can lead to serious complications, such as infection, kidney damage, and urinary blockage.

8. What is the difference between kidney stones and gallstones?

Kidney stones are more common than gallstones, but they have different signs and symptoms. Gallstones can cause some pain, while kidney stones may not cause any noticeable symptoms at all. Gallstones are solid deposits of cholesterol or other substances in the gallbladder. Kidney stones are made up of minerals such as oxalate and calcium phosphate that become lodged in your kidneys.

9. What should I do if I have a kidney stone?

If you have a kidney stone, call your doctor right away to find out what’s causing this condition and how to treat it. Seek medical attention even if you feel well and don’t have any symptoms at that time.

10. How can I prevent kidney stones?

There are several measures you can take to reduce your risk of developing kidney stones, including maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, staying hydrated, and avoiding certain medications.

11. What is the prognosis for people with kidney stones?

Most people with kidney stones will eventually recover without any lasting complications. However, recurrent stone formation is common, and some people may experience chronic pain or other long-term problems.

12. What is the most common type of kidney stone?

The most common type of kidney stone is made up of calcium. Other types of kidney stones include struvite, uric acid, and cystine.

13. How long does it take to pass a kidney stone?

It can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks for a kidney stone to pass. Larger stones may require surgery.

14. How do you know if I have a kidney stone?

Signs and symptoms of a kidney stone usually include pain in the side, back, or stomach area, nausea, vomiting, and fever. If you experience more than two to three episodes of these symptoms within two weeks, it’s important to visit your doctor immediately.

15. Who treats Kidney stones?

Kidney stones are usually treated by a team of doctors that may include a urologist, nephrologist, and general surgeon.

16. Can I get kidney stones if I am on dialysis?

Yes. Kidney stone formation is not uncommon in people on dialysis. Dialysis patients are at risk for developing calcium oxalate renal calculi because their kidneys cannot excrete excess calcium and oxalate in urine.

17. How are kidney stones treated?

The treatment of kidney stones depends on the size and location of the stones. Smaller stones may pass on their own, while larger stones may require surgery.

18. Is it safe to have laser treatment for kidney stones?

Yes, it is safe to have laser treatment for kidney stones. The laser energy is absorbed by the body tissues and does not affect the blood vessels or organs in the body.

19. Will I feel any pain during laser kidney stone removal?

No, there will be no pain or discomfort after the treatment session. The laser beam may feel a little warm but it is not painful or uncomfortable.

20. How long will laser kidney stone removal take?

The duration of your treatment depends on many factors such as your age, body weight, and renal stone size. For example, if you have small kidney stones then it will take less time than if you have large ones that are difficult to pass through the ureter.

21. How does laser treatment for kidney stones work?

Laser therapy treats kidney stones by breaking up the crystals in the kidney. The laser beam heats up the renal pelvis, which causes the crystals to melt.

22. Will I need surgery after receiving laser kidney stone removal?

No, there are no surgical procedures involved in this process. You will be able to resume your normal routine after receiving the treatment.

23. How long will it take to recover from kidney stone treatment?

It depends on what type of treatment you have received and how severe the case was. In general, you should expect to feel better within 1-2 weeks after treatment has been completed.

24. Is there anything I can do at home to prevent kidney stones?

Yes, many things you can do at home can help prevent kidney stones from forming in the first place. A good diet with plenty of water, exercise, and proper rest are all excellent ways to keep your urine clean and lower your risk of getting kidney stones. You should also make sure that you don’t have any urinary tract infections or other health conditions that might make it more likely for you to develop other types of kidney problems such as inflammation or chronic kidney disease.

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Symptoms of Sinus Infection and How to treat them

Symptoms of Sinus Infection and How to treat them

Sinus infection or sinusitis occurs when your nasal cavities become infected, swollen, and inflamed. Sinusitis is caused by a viral or bacterial infection of the sinuses. Certain conditions such as cold and allergies, nasal polyps, congestion, toothache, and infections can also contribute to sinus problems. 

The sinuses make thin mucus that drains out of the nose channels, which keep the nose clean and free of bacteria. Generally filled with air, the sinuses can get blocked and filled with fluid, which causes bacteria to grow and cause an infection.

Different Types of Sinusitis

Also known as rhinosinusitis, sinusitis may be classified as an acute sinus infection or chronic sinus infection. Acute sinusitis is commonly caused by a cold or allergies and may resolve on its own. However, an acute infection is usually part of a cold or other respiratory illness.

Chronic sinusitis can last up to eight weeks and may be caused by an infection or bacteria growth. ENT specialists believe the main causes of sinusitis include infected nasal discharge and congestion.

When the symptoms last four to twelve weeks, it is known as subacute sinusitis, and when the symptoms come back four or more times in one year and last less than two weeks each time, it is called recurrent acute sinusitis.

A sinus infection can happen to anyone. However, people with nasal polyps, nasal allergies, asthma, and abnormal nose structures are more likely to get sinusitis. Smoking can also increase the chances of getting a sinus infection.

 

Signs and symptoms of sinusitis

Are you confused with a sinus infection, cold, or nasal allergies? Here, our best ENT doctors in Kakinada explain the symptoms of sinusitis that you should not ignore.

1. Pain in your sinuses

Pain is the most common symptom of sinusitis. You can have several different sinuses above and below the eyes and behind the nose that can hurt when you have an infection in the sinuses.

Inflammation and swelling in your sinuses cause you to feel pain on your forehead, nose, upper jaws, and teeth, or between your eyes.

2. Nasal discharge

When you have a sinus infection, you often need to blow your nose because of nasal discharge from the infected sinuses and drains into your nasal passages. Due to the discharge, you may also feel a tickle, an itch, or even a sore throat.

Post Nasal drip causes coughing at night when lying down to sleep and in the morning after getting up. It may also cause you to sound hoarse.

3. Sinus headaches

With a sinus infection, you may have a pain that starts in the forehead, moves into the nose, and then settles behind one or both eyes where it feels like pressure. The swelling and relentless pressure in the sinuses can also give you earaches, dental pain, and upper jaw pain.

Sinus headaches can be an excruciating and uncomfortable condition and are often at their worst state in the morning because fluids have been collecting all night long.

4. Cough and throat irritation

As the discharge from your sinuses drains down the back of the throat, it can irritate you over a long period. This can lead to an annoying cough, worsening when lying down to sleep and after getting up from the bed.

It can also cause trouble sleeping. Sleeping upright or with your head elevated can reduce the frequency and intensity of the coughing.

5. Septum deviation

A deviated septum is one of the most common symptoms of sinusitis which occurs when the septum, the cartilage, and bone separate the nasal cavity. Some people are born with a deviated septum and for others, a sinus infection causes it.

A bad septum deviation can also cause blockage, breathing problems, congestion, headaches, and noisy breathing during sleep. 

 

How can Sinus infection be treated?

Sinus problems are treated in several ways, each depending on the severity of the condition.

Our best ENT specialists treat simple sinusitis infection  by:

  • Over-the-counter medications for cold and allergy
  • Nasal irrigation
  • Decongestants 
  • Drinking fluids (sinusitis is a viral infection, and fluids or juices will help) 

If symptoms of sinus infection don’t improve after ten days, ENT specialists may prescribe:

  • Antibiotics (for 10 days in children and 7 days in adults).
  • Oral or topical decongestants.
  • Prescription intranasal steroid sprays. 

ENT doctors treat long-term or chronic sinusitis by focusing on the underlying conditions that include:

  • Intranasal steroid sprays.
  • Topical antihistamine sprays or oral pills.
  • Leukotriene antagonists reduce swelling and allergy symptoms.
  • Washing the nose with saline solutions that might also contain other types of medication.

When any of the above treatments for sinusitis do not improve your symptoms, a CT scan is recommended to have a better view of your sinuses. Depending on the results, surgery may be an option to fix the structural problems which most likely happen to those who have polyps or fungal infections.

Suspecting you have a sinus infection and the symptoms are persistent? Do not delay. Make sure you approach Inodaya Hospitals. Our top ENT doctors in Kakinada will diagnose the cause of sinusitis and suggest you the right treatment!

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What are the signs and symptoms of Dengue fever?

Signs and symptoms of Dengue fever
Signs and symptoms of Dengue fever

Dengue infection is the leading cause of death in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is the most severe form of dengue infection. It is estimated that a million cases of dengue fever occur worldwide every year.

Dengue virus belongs to the same Flaviviridae family and there are four distinct, but closely related, serotypes DENV-1 through DENV-4. The virus is transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito which has previously bitten a person with the dengue virus.

Those who become infected with the dengue virus a second time are at a significantly higher risk of developing severe disease. Therefore, the best doctors for dengue fever treatment in Kakinada explain the symptoms of dengue fever that everyone should be aware of.

 

Signs and Symptoms of Dengue fever

After a mosquito carrying the dengue virus bites a person (who is previously exposed to that virus), the symptoms start to develop within 3 to 15 days. In mild cases of dengue fever, people experience no signs and symptoms.

However, when symptoms do occur, they may be mistaken for other illnesses such as flu. Or viral infection. Dengue fever causes sudden high fever with a temperature rising up to 106°F. Some of the other common symptoms of dengue fever include:

  • Severe bone, muscle, and joint pain
  • Severe headache
  • Pain behind the eyes
  • Skin rashes (which appear two to four days after onset of fever)
  • Fatigue
  • Nausea and vomiting 
  • Swollen glands can also be seen in dengue fever

Most people with dengue fever can recover within a week or so. In some cases, symptoms get severe which leads to a life-threatening complication called Dengue hemorrhagic fever. This includes blood vessels becoming damaged and leaky, and the number of platelets in the bloodstream drops resulting in massive bleeding, shock, and even death. This is also called Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS).

Therefore, it is important to notice the warning signs of severe dengue fever including: 

  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Persistent vomiting
  • Heavy bleeding from the gums and nose
  • Bleeding under the skin
  • Difficult or rapid breathing

As explained by dengue fever treatment experts, since severe dengue fever is a life-threatening condition, seeking immediate medical attention is necessary. 

How is dengue fever treated?

There is no specific medication or treatment for dengue fever as this is a viral condition. The doctor prescribed some medications that reduce fever, headache, and joint pains. You should avoid aspirin and ibuprofen, as they could worsen the bleeding.

Your doctor will perform a medical examination, you should also rest, and drink plenty of fluids. If you feel worse after the fever starts to fall down, you should be taken to the hospital immediately to get checked for complications.

Hospitalization is needed for a patient to prevent dengue shock syndrome and dengue hemorrhagic fever from occurring. They may receive IV fluids. 

 

How to prevent dengue fever?

The best way to protect from dengue fever is to avoid mosquito bites and to reduce the mosquito population. Follow the below precautions in a high-risk area:

  • Use mosquito repellents indoors and outdoors
  • Wear protective clothing ( long-sleeved shirts and pants tucked into socks)
  • Avoid heavily populated areas
  • When indoors, use the air conditioner
  • Make sure that doors and window screens are secure and free of holes

With proper care at the right time, dengue fever is not a disease that cannot be coped with. Looking for treatment for dengue in Kakinada? Inodaya Hospitalsis the best hospital for dengue treatment in Kakinada. We have a team of experienced dengue fever specialists in Kakinada who can effectively treat dengue and advise accordingly.

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Pregnancy after Weight loss Surgery: Everything you must know

Tips for pregnancy after bariatric Surgery
Tips for pregnancy after bariatric Surgery

Overweight and obesity is a common problems across the world. The fundamental causes of being overweight are leading a sedentary lifestyle, eating unhealthy foods, stress, and various medical conditions that may contribute to a high BMI.

People invest their time in physical exercise to become fit, but sometimes it doesn’t work. However, maintaining healthy body weight is a must for us. This is why the importance of weight loss surgery, known as bariatric surgery, came into play. Gastric bypass surgery or bariatric surgery is a highly effective surgical procedure that involves changing your digestive system to help you lose weight.

Weight loss surgery is recommended for patients with a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 35 or 40. You might be considering whether the bariatric surgical procedure will affect your fertility and future possibilities to conceive and have children. 

But, getting pregnant after weight loss surgery is not an issue.  In this article, Dr. Ram Mohan, the best Bariatric and metabolic surgeon in Kakinada, explains more about bariatric surgery and pregnancy.

 

Will you be able to conceive after weight loss surgery?

Yes!. Pregnancy after bariatric surgery is possible, safe, and successful compared to the pregnancy of obese women. However, experts recommend postponing pregnancy until your weight stabilizes – typically 12 to 18 months after surgery. Some other experts may suggest a waiting period for at least 2 years before getting pregnant.

Early pregnancy after bariatric surgery could lead to development issues in a baby. This is because weight loss surgery will help you lose weight quickly, so your growing baby might not get all the nutrients required.

 

What are the benefits of conceiving a baby after bariatric surgery?

Obesity is associated with reduced fertility so conceiving can be challenging due to oligoovulation or anovulation. Even if a woman gets pregnant while being obese, there is an increased risk of developing various conditions such as gestational diabetes, hypertension, or preeclampsia.

Therefore, weight loss is the best way to reduce the risks of obesity, and bariatric surgery is an effective, safe, and non-invasive procedure. Studies suggest that as the menstrual cycles become regular, ovulation improves after bariatric surgery, which leads to a greater possibility of conceiving.

 

What are the risks of getting pregnant after bariatric surgery?

After bariatric surgery, the primary risk of pregnancy is not getting enough nutrients for the mother and the growing baby. However, your doctor might recommend nutritional deficiency testing before conception to determine the need for vitamin and mineral supplements and monthly tests during pregnancy.

Other possible complications include anemia, weight gain, low birth weight for the child, and possibly an increased risk of C-section.

 

How is pregnancy after bariatric surgery different?

During the nine months of pregnancy, prenatal care is the same as for other women. However, there are a few differences in a pregnancy after a bariatric surgical procedure.

Consulting with the gastric bypass surgeon who performed the procedure before trying to conceive is recommended. You may also need to take additional vitamin and mineral supplements to ensure that your growing baby gets all the nutrients needed.

Gaining weight during pregnancy is completely normal. As long as you eat well and remain active during pregnancy, losing this extra weight could not be a problem.

Is there a difference in labor and delivery during pregnancy after weight loss surgery? No. Management of labor and delivery after bariatric surgery should be the same as with any pregnant woman.

While the C-section rate is higher among those who have had bariatric surgery in the past, the surgery is not an indication of C-section and safe; normal delivery is entirely possible.

 

What should you follow to have a healthy pregnancy after bariatric surgery?

Eating healthy and staying physically active are important to maintaining your baby’s health during pregnancy.  If you want to try to conceive after bariatric surgery, speak to a dietician and your bariatric surgeon for advice on nutrition and weight gain during pregnancy.

A doctor might recommend a fetal ultrasound to monitor your baby’s growth. This is particularly important if you have had poor weight gain during pregnancy or became pregnant within two years of having weight loss surgery.

If you would like to speak to our Bariatric surgery experts in Kakinada, please contact us at Inodaya Hospitals today.

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What to expect before and after weight loss surgery?

Weight Loss

Struggling with obesity-related health conditions? Your doctor may have mentioned weight-loss surgery to improve your overall health and quality of life. But what exactly is it, and what can you expect before and after the procedure? Various weight loss surgeries are available, including the roux-en-Y gastric bypass, the vertical sleeve gastrectomy, and adjustable gastric banding.

The appropriate weight loss surgery or bariatric surgery, combined with changes in diet and exercise, can lead to better health outcomes – says Dr. Ram Mohan, one of the best bariatric surgeons at Inodaya Hospitals. 

 

Types of Procedures

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is laparoscopic surgery to reduce the size of your upper stomach so you can only eat smaller quantities of food. The surgeon makes a small incision in the abdomen and then staples off the upper section of the stomach into a small pouch that is then attached to the Roux Limb section of the small intestine.

A vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is a minimally invasive weight-loss surgical technique during which your stomach size is reduced to three or four ounces. This allows limiting the amount of food you consume to help you lose weight. After a VSG, ghrelin levels, a hunger hormone, also drops so that your appetite is initially reduced and aids in the weight-loss process.

Gastric banding (LAP-Band) is a weight loss surgery that involves placing a silicone band around the upper part of the stomach to decrease stomach size and reduce your food intake. A small outlet slows the emptying process into the stomach, enabling you to feel fuller very quickly. 

 

Before weight loss surgery

Weight loss or bariatric surgery is a significant surgical procedure with extremely positive outcomes and comes with some side effects of any major weight loss procedure. Before going to weight loss surgery, it’s crucial to understand the health risks and benefits associated with the surgery and the lifestyle changes expected following the bariatric surgery.

When you are considering bariatric surgery, your doctor will evaluate whether weight loss surgery is right for you and which type of surgery for weight loss is appropriate for your condition. Before surgery, nutrition counseling and physical and psychological evaluation are often a part of this process.

The health care team will also provide you with instructions about preparing for the weight-loss surgical procedure. In the months or weeks before bariatric surgery, you will be given eating and drinking restrictions and exercise guidelines, and you may be asked to attend lifestyle counseling. 

Many weight loss treatment doctors will also require you to lose some initial weight before operating. This is usually done for optimal health and safety because weight-loss surgery requires permanent lifestyle changes.

 

After weight loss surgery

Depending on the surgeon’s considerations and the type of bariatric procedure, patients typically take about two to three weeks to recover and return to work after the surgery. The first few weeks of surgery require sticking to a  liquid diet and gradually reintroducing foods to your digestive system.

Nutritional supplements will be required, and you will feel full after consuming a little amount of food. Dieticians develop meal plans ahead of time for every patient, and the process is done under the supervision of your bariatric surgeon. Then, your esophagus and stomach typically adjust to consuming regular food again after one to three months of surgery.

Talk to your registered dietitian about preventing the “dumping syndrome,” which is gastric distress (cramping, diarrhea) that you experience when you indulge in certain foods. Yet, you must have follow-up appointments regularly to make sure you are losing weight consistently and healthily.

However, if you went through a gastric banding weight loss surgery, you will typically have band adjustments every two months during the first year, then twice a year, then annually. Other patients can visit every three months, then twice a year, then annually.

Possible complications from weight loss surgery include leakage, bowel obstruction, ulcers, blood clots, gallstones, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

The most important thing to remember is that weight loss or bariatric surgery is permanent and requires hard work and a lifelong commitment. Want to know more about obesity treatment? Visit Inodaya Hospitals, Kakinada. We provide safe and effective treatment options for those affected by severe obesity. 

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9 Tips you can follow to prevent Heart Diseases and Stroke

Tips you can follow to prevent Heart Diseases and Stroke

Heart disease and stroke are the two most common leading causes of death across the globe. However, heart disease can be divided into two different categories, heart attacks, and strokes. They are both caused by blockage of blood flow to the brain oxygenating the blood, which causes an irregular heartbeat or stroke.

The heart attack symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, clammy skin, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and weakness. In addition, a stroke can cause problems with movement, sensation, speaking ability, and the ability to understand language.

Certain risk factors can lead to heart diseases, such as age, genetics, and gender, that are uncontrolled. Fortunately, many other risk factors are under control, and learning about them can help you understand how to prevent heart attack and stroke. 

The best cardiovascular disease specialists in Kakinada explain the tips that help reduce your chances of getting heart disease.

1. Control Blood Pressure

High blood pressure is directly associated with cardiovascular diseases, heart attacks, and stroke. Therefore, always take your medicines as per the doctors’ prescription if you have high blood pressure, and it is essential to get your blood pressure checked regularly.

2. Manage your cholesterol and triglyceride levels

Cholesterol and triglycerides are the two most essential lipids for heart health. High cholesterol levels and triglycerides can clog the arteries and increase your risk of coronary artery diseases. So it’s crucial to consume a healthy diet and take medication if required to lower cholesterol.

3. Get regular exercise

We know that exercise is a crucial part of a healthy lifestyle. Regular exercise has many benefits, including strengthening your heart and improving blood circulation. It also helps lower cholesterol and blood pressure, all of which can lower your risk of heart disease and stroke.

4. Stay at a healthy weight

Being overweight and obese increases the risk of stroke and heart attack. An individual has a healthy body weight if their BMI falls within the range from 18-25. You can achieve optimal weight by eating healthy, physical exercise, and checking your BMI regularly. 

5. Eat a healthy diet

Limit saturated fats and foods high in sodium. Including fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet reduces cholesterol levels and leads to improved digestion. Also, a nutritional diet and antioxidants provide essential vitamins and minerals for a healthy heart.

6. Limit alcohol

Drinking excess alcohol can raise blood pressure and add extra calories, which may cause weight gain and increase the risk of heart disease. However, studies found that people who drink no more than one drink per day reduced heart disease and stroke risk.

7. Manage stress

Stress has often been linked to heart diseases in many ways. Feeling depressed or upset for a longer period may align with medical conditions that make a person have heart disease or stroke. Try meditation, exercise, yoga, journaling, deep breathing, and mindfulness to reduce stress.

8. Manage diabetes

Having diabetes increases your risk of diabetic heart disease. Uncontrolled diabetes and high blood sugar can damage the arteries that carry blood to the heart, double the risk of heart disease. Therefore, it is essential to get tested for diabetes and to keep it under control.

9. Get enough sleep

The deprivation of sleep can increase the chances of obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes. And, these conditions can further develop the risk of heart diseases. On average, an adult requires seven hours of sleep per night to ensure they have a healthy sleep cycle.

Now you might be aware of preventing heart disease and stroke. Take charge of your heart health. If you still need information on avoiding heart attacks and strokes, you can consult our top cardiologists in Kakinada and lead a healthy life. At Inodaya Hospitals, we provide cardiovascular services with a wide range of treatment options depending on the condition addressed. 

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Best Exercises To Strengthen Your Knees

Best Exercises To Strengthen Your Knees

Knee or leg pain is a common ailment that affects many of us. If the knee pain is due to injury or arthritis, simple stretching and strengthening exercises may help reduce the pain, improve range of motion and flexibility, and reduce the risk of future injuries.

Exercising a knee may seem counterintuitive, but in fact, exercise is the better option to get relief from knee pain. Not moving your knees can cause stiffness, which may worsen the pain and make it harder to do your daily activities.

However, before you start exercising for knee pain, make sure you talk to the best orthopedic doctors or physical therapists to know the best exercises that are suitable for you. 

Stretching and strengthening exercises for knee pain

Performing lower body stretching exercises may help strengthen your knee joint. As suggested by the best bone specialists at Inodaya Hospitals, try the following stretching and strengthening exercises at least four to five times a week.

1. Heel and calf stretch

A tight calf muscle can cause a tendon strain that results in pain behind the knee and limit your knee flexion. Stretching the muscle joins the tendon can reduce the pain.

  • Stand facing a wall
  • Place both hands on the wall and move one foot back as far as you are uncomfortable. Toes on the feet should face forward, heels flat, with a slight bend in your knees.
  • Hold this stretch for 30 seconds. You feel this stretch in the back of your leg.
  • Change legs and repeat the stretch.
  • Do this stretch twice for both legs.

2. Quadriceps stretch

This stretch especially targets your quadriceps, the muscles at the front of your thighs. Performing this stretch can help improve the flexibility of your hip flexors and quadricep muscles. 

  • Stand with your side to the wall, placing a hand on the wall to maintain a balance.
  • Bend one of your knees so your foot goes up towards the glutes
  • Grab your ankle and gently pull it towards your glutes as far as you feel comfortable. Hold it for 30 seconds
  • Lower and return to the starting position and change your leg
  • Repeat this stretch twice on each side

3. Hamstring stretch

Hamstring stretch builds strength, improves mobility, and reduces stiffness in the knee joint. You should feel this stretch in the back of your legs and up to the base of your glutes. If your foot is reflexed, you may feel the stretch in your calves. 

  • Lie down and straighten your legs. 
  • Lift one leg off the floor. Place your hands behind your thigh and gently pull your knee towards your chest until you feel a stretch.
  • Hold it for 30 seconds
  • Lower and change the leg
  • Repeat the stretch twice on each side

4. Half squat

Squats are the best way to strengthen your quadriceps, glutens, and hamstrings without straining your knees.

  • Stand in a squat position
  • Place your hands on your hips for balance
  • Looking straight ahead and slowly squat down about 10 inches
  • Hold the position for few seconds and then stand up by pushing through your heels
  • Do up to 10 repetitions

5. Leg extensions

Using your body weight, rather than a weighted machine to strengthen your quadriceps, helps keep added pressure off your knees.

  • Sit up tall in a chair and put your foot flat on the floor
  • Look straight ahead and extend one leg as high as possible without raising your buttocks off the chair.
  • Pause and lower to the starting position
  • Do up to 10 repetitions for each leg

6. Straight leg lifts

Straight leg lifts to strengthen your hamstrings, the muscles in the back of your thighs. As you get stronger, you can use ankle weights or a resistance band around your ankles.

  • Lie down on your back with one leg bent and one leg straight out in front of you
  • Contract the quadriceps of your straight leg 
  • Slowly raise it off the floor until it is to the height of your bent knee.
  • Pause at the top for 5 seconds and lower to the starting position
  • Do up to 10 repetitions for each leg

7. Side leg raises

Side leg lifts work for your hip abductor muscles that are located on the outside of your hips, help you to stand, walk, and rotate your legs with ease. Strengthening these muscles can help prevent and reduce pain in the hips and knees. 

  • Lie on your side with your legs placed on top of each other.
  • Cradle your head in the hand and place another hand on the floor in front of you
  • Now, raise your leg as high as you feel comfortable. You should feel this list on the side of your hips.
  • Pause at the top then lower your leg
  • Do up to 10 repetitions on each side

If your knee pain is persistent after doing the above-mentioned exercises, consult the best orthopedic specialists. At Inodaya Hospitals, the best orthopedic hospital in Kakinada, we are committed to offering the best treatment for the conditions associated with back pain, neck pain, joint pains, knee issues, hip, upper & lower limbs.

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Signs and Symptoms of Kidney Problems You Should Know

kidney-diseases

Millions of people in India are living with various kidney diseases and most of them are even not aware of it. This is why kidney disease is often known as a silent killer as many people do not feel any difference until the disease becomes severe.

While people get their blood pressure, sugar, and cholesterol levels on a regular basis, they fail to get a simple creatinine test to detect any unidentified kidney problems. There are a number of warning signs of a kidney disorder, which are ignored or confused because of their non-specific nature.

Therefore, you should get the confirmatory tests done at the earliest appearance of any symptoms of a kidney disorder. But if you suffer from hypertension or have diabetes or a family history of kidney disease it is important to get kidney tests done on a regular basis – say the experts of Nephrology at Inodaya Hospitals, Kakinada.

While the only finest way to diagnose a kidney disease is to get confirmatory tests done, here are some early symptoms of kidney diseases that you must keep in check.

1. Backache or lower abdomen pain

Pain in the back, side, or below the ribs can be an early symptom of kidney disorder such as renal calculus or pyelonephritis. Similarly, lower abdomen pain can also be associated with bladder infection or stone in a ureter, the tube connecting your kidney and bladder. Such symptoms should not be ignored and investigated further by routine imaging tests.

2. Fatigue, Dizziness

Extreme weakness is always associated with kidney disease. As renal dysfunction progresses, fatigability becomes more and more prominent. This may be due to the accumulation of toxins and impurities in the blood that results from renal dysfunction. Being a non-specific symptom of kidney disease it is often ignored by people and not thoroughly investigated.

3. Swelling in ankle, feet, or legs

You will start to notice edema at the ankle, feet, or legs which pits on applying pressure and is termed as pitting edema. As the kidney function begins to reduce there is sodium retention which causes swelling in your shin and ankles. Any person noting new-onset pedal edema should get an immediate evaluation of renal function by visiting the best nephrologists.

4. Dry and itchy skin

Healthy kidneys remove wastes and harmful substances from the body. For some people increase in the urea in the bloodstream can cause dry and itchy skin. But, Dry and itchy skin can also be a symptom of advanced kidney disease. As the renal dysfunction begins, toxins tend to accumulate in the body leading to itchy, dry, and foul-smelling skin.

5. Change in urine frequency

You have to keep a very careful watch on your urine output. For instance, the urinary output may decrease or you may feel the urge to urinate more often, especially at night. It can be the most warning sign that the kidney filtering units are damaged. So a change (increase or decrease) in the urine output should be reported immediately to the nephrologist.

6. Puffiness around eyes

Periorbital edema denotes swelling or puffiness around the eyes that can be caused by the accumulation of fluid in the cells or tissues. It is one of the earliest symptoms of a kidney disorder. It is especially prominent in people where there is a leakage of a significant amount of protein through the kidney.

7. Foamy urine or blood in the urine

When the filtering mechanism of the kidney has been damaged, protein, blood cells start to leak out into the urine. In addition to signaling kidney disorder, blood in the urine can indicate tumors, kidney stones, or any kind of infection. Thus changes in color, consistency, or nature of urine should be informed as early as possible to a kidney specialist.

We at Inodaya Hospitals offer the right expertise to fulfill the unique needs of those with kidney issues. Take a look at some of our popular services and book an appointment with our best kidney specialists in Kakinada.

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6 Symptoms You May Need Knee Replacement Surgery

knee-pain

Knee replacement surgery is one of the most successful procedures that help to reduce pain and restore the ability to move better. But, how to know when it’s time for surgery? No worries. The best Orthopedic surgeons at Inodaya Hospitals explain the signs of knee replacement that you should not ignore.

Knee replacement or total knee replacement is a surgical treatment to resurface a knee damaged by arthritic conditions. Metal and plastic pieces are used to cap the ends of the bones that form the knee joint, along with the kneecap.

How common are knee replacements?

Knee replacement is a common surgery performed by over 600,000 people worldwide every year. More than 90% of those who undergo total knee replacement experience a significant improvement in their knee pain and its functioning.

How do I get a diagnosis?

An orthopedic surgeon will perform a physical examination of your knee and analyze your X-ray reports to diagnose your condition. You should explain the pain, if it is either joint pain or have past injuries that may have affected your current knee problems. 

Your knee joints will be tested for strength and movement through activities, such as bending and walking. X-rays will indicate any changes in size or shape or any unusual knee conditions.

What are the symptoms of knee replacement surgery?

Knee osteoarthritis develops over time and can creep up on you. When you start experiencing symptoms, much of the damage may already be done. As explained by the experts of knee replacement surgery, here are some signs you shouldn’t ignore.

1. You have had bad arthritis

Most people who are recommended for knee replacement surgery have either osteoarthritis, the wear-and-tear type of arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis, a condition that causes joint pain and damage; or post-injury arthritis. All these affect the knee through different mechanisms that result in loss of cartilage, causing pain and loss of motion.

2. Nonsurgical treatments are no longer effective

You might start with conservative treatments such as medications and physical therapy to alleviate your symptoms if you have knee arthritis. However, these are temporary measures that don’t reverse the underlying cause of pain and tend to progress in severity where surgery is an option.

3. Severe pain that prevents you from doing normal activities

If you can’t get relief from your knee pain, it may start interfering with your daily activities. In fact, the timing of a total knee replacement is determined by how the knee impacts the quality of life. So, if conservative treatments are not working and you have significant pain while walking or bending, you are the right candidate for surgery.

4. Pain even when resting and that disturbs sleep at night

According to knee replacement specialists, knee pain while at rest that is not responding to other treatments is the right time for the replacement surgery. Also, many activities during the day contribute to the pain you feel in your knees at night which can be quite debilitating and needs immediate attention.

5. Knee getting swollen

Swelling is another symptom your knee is not responding to other treatments. A knee that is constantly swollen despite the use of anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and steroids suggests degeneration of the cartilage which can be confirmed with an X-ray.  This can make you the right candidate for a total knee replacement.

6. Knee has deformed

If your arthritis is advanced, it affects the way you walk. If this type of deformity develops, a knee replacement may be indicated. And, people with arthritis may lose the ability to straighten their knees, which requires an evaluation with an orthopedic surgeon, as this loss of motion may be permanent, even after the knee replacement.

Do you think you need knee replacement surgery? Our expert orthopedic surgeons in Kakinada can help. Schedule an appointment right away.

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Omicron Variant: Symptoms and Treatment

covid-xe-variant

The omicron variant is a newly discovered strain of the coronavirus family. It has been linked to severe respiratory illness, including pneumonia, and has a high fatality rate. Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment for omicron infection, and most patients require hospitalization for supportive care. The Medical Specialists at Inodaya Hospitals, in this blog, explain in detail the Omicron virus, its symptoms, treatment, and prevention.

What is the Omicron variant?

Omicron infection is a rare and potentially deadly virus that can cause severe respiratory illness. This virus is highly contagious and can be spread through contact with infected bodily fluids, making it a serious health threat. The omicron virus attacks the white blood cells, leading to a weakened immune system and severe infections.

What are the symptoms of the Omicron variant?

Omicron infection symptoms can include a variety of symptoms, depending on the person. For most people, the first symptom of an Omicron infection is a fever. Other common symptoms include headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Some people may also experience nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

In severe cases, Omicron COVID infection can lead to sepsis, meningitis, or encephalitis. If you experience any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away. Early diagnosis and treatment of Omicron infections is critical for preventing serious complications. 

If you are pregnant and think you may have an Omicron virus, consult medical attention immediately. The infection can be particularly dangerous for pregnant women, leading to premature birth, low birth weight, and even stillbirth. In addition, omicron infection in the mother can also spread to the infant through breastfeeding or close contact.

Omicron virus symptoms vary depending on the person’s age. Children are more likely to experience nausea and vomiting than adults and high fever and diarrhea. This is very dangerous for infants less than one-month-old because the virus can affect their organs as they develop.

The symptoms of the omicron virus may be mild for some people, but they should still see a doctor if they experience any of these symptoms:

  • Fatigue
  • Lack of appetite
  • Swelling under the skin (with rash)
  • Diarrhea lasting more than three days

Omicron is especially dangerous for people with weak immune systems or other underlying conditions, such as diabetes or cancer.

What is the treatment for Omicron Virus?

As already discussed, there is no specific treatment to get cured of the omicron virus, but a few methods have proven to be effective. The most important part of omicron infection treatment is early diagnosis and intervention. If you think you or someone you know may be infected with omicron, see a doctor as soon as possible. Your doctor may recommend antibiotics or antivirals, the most common methods to treat bacterial or viral infections. 

How to prevent the Omicron virus?

Omicron infection prevention is essential for keeping yourself healthy. While omicron can be deadly, it is possible to avoid becoming infected with the right precautions. Inodaya Hospitals, the best multi-specialty hospital in Kakinada offer a few tips to follow to help prevent omicron COVID infection:

  • Cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze and cough
  • Wear a mask when you are in crowded places.
  • Wash your hands regularly and thoroughly, especially before you eat.
  • Avoid touching your face, particularly your eyes and mouth.
  • Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
  • If you become sick, it is important to stay home and rest until you are no longer contagious.
  • If you are traveling, be sure to take precautions against omicron exposure, such as bringing along disinfectant wipes.

However, if you have been exposed to omicron or think you may have contracted the virus, seek medical help as soon as possible and prevent serious health complications. Need more information on the Omicron virus? Consult our health experts at Inodaya Hospitals, Kakinada.  Stay safe and healthy!